A thrombosis is a blood clot formed within the vascular system. Blood clots arecaused by:
1. Slowing or stasis of blood flow
2. Damage to the walls of the blood vessel
3. An increase in the coagulability of the blood
The most common type of thrombosis is a DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) and is usually caused by the slowing or stasis of blood in the veins. This usually occurs during long periods of bed rest or maintenence of a cramped position for a long period of time. This can be avoided by milking or pumping the legs in order to promote venous return. (Crowley, 2014)
Embolism
Thrombosis
Shock occurs when blood pressure is too low to provide proper and adequate blood flow to the body.
Causes of shock include:
1. Low blood volume (known as hypovolemic shock)
2. Impaired cardiac pumping (cardiogenic shock)
3. Excessive dilation of the body's blood vessels (septic shock or
anaphylactic shock) (Crowley, 2014)
Edema is a term used to refer to an accumulation of fluid in the interstitial tissues. A tell-tale sign of edema is when the tissue is compressed, then released, a pit or indentation remains and gradually refills with fluid, and is referred to as pitting edema. Edema can be caused by increased capillary permeability, low plasma proteins, increaded hydrostatic pressure, or lymphatic obstruction. (Crowley, 2014)
Shock
Edema
Blood and Circulatory Dysfunctions
An embolism is a condition in which a plug composed of a detached clot, mass of bacteria, or other foreign material occludes a blood vessel. The most common types of embolisms are pulmonary, fat, amniotic fluid and air embolisms.