Flexion of the Trunk
Muscles involved in Trunk Flexion
-
Rectus Abdominus
-
External Obliques
-
Internal Obliques
-
Psoas Major
-
Iliacus
(Biel, 2010)
Extension of the Trunk
Muscles involved in Trunk Extension
-
Longissimus
-
Iliocostalis
-
Multifidi
-
Rotatores
-
Semispinalis capitis
-
Spinalis
-
Quadratus lumborum
-
Interspinalis
-
Intertransversarii
-
Latissimus dorsi (Biel, 2010)
Lateral Flexion of the Trunk
Muscles involved in Trunk Lateral Flexion
-
Iliocostalis
-
External oblique
-
Internal oblique
-
Longissimus
-
Quadratus lumborum
-
Psoas major
-
Intertransversarii
-
Spinalis
-
Latissimus dorsi
(Biel, 2010)
Elevation/Expansion of Thorax (Inhalation)
Muscles involved in Thorax Elevation
-
Anterior Scalene
-
Middle Scalene
-
Posterior Scalene
-
Sternocleidomastoid
-
External Intercostals
-
Serratus Posterior Superior
-
Pectoralis Major (with fixed arm)
-
Pectoralis Minor (with fixed scapula)
-
Serratus anterior (with fixed scapula)
-
Subclavius (elevates first rib) (Biel, 2010)
Depression/Collapse of Thorax (Exhalation)
Muscles involved in Thorax Depression
-
Internal Intercostals
-
Serratus posterior Inferior
(Biel, 2010)
Rotation of the Trunk
Muscles involved in Trunk Rotation
-
External Oblique (to opposite side)
-
Internal Oblique (to same side)
-
Multifidi (to opposite side
-
Rotatores (to opposite side)
(Biel, 2010)
